Which type of glaucoma can be treated with osmotic diuretics?

Closed-angle glaucoma, also known as angle-closure glaucoma, can be effectively treated with osmotic diuretics. Osmotic diuretics, such as mannitol, work by creating an osmotic gradient that draws fluid from the eye into the bloodstream. This helps to rapidly reduce intraocular pressure, which is crucial in closed-angle glaucoma due to the acute angle closure that leads to a sudden increase in pressure.

In closed-angle glaucoma, the anterior chamber's angle is obstructed, preventing adequate outflow of aqueous humor. This results in a dangerous elevation of intraocular pressure. The timely administration of osmotic diuretics can stabilize the situation while additional treatments, such as surgical intervention or laser therapy, are planned to relieve the angle closure.

Other types of glaucoma, such as open angle, normal tension, and secondary glaucoma, generally do not rely on osmotic diuretics for treatment because the mechanisms involved in pressure elevation differ. Open-angle glaucoma involves gradual blockage of the drainage canals, normal tension glaucoma occurs despite normal pressure levels, and secondary glaucoma arises from other eye conditions or injuries, each requiring different management strategies.