Which symptoms are associated with a TIA?

The symptoms associated with a transient ischemic attack (TIA) are typically neurological deficits that occur suddenly and can last from a few minutes to several hours, but resolve completely within 24 hours. The selection of ipsilateral monocular blindness and dysphagia reflects some of the specific manifestations that can be seen during a TIA, particularly when a transient event affects the carotid artery circulation.

Ipsilateral monocular blindness, also known as a "amaurosis fugax," occurs due to transient ischemia of the retina, while dysphagia can occur if there is involvement of brainstem pathways that affect swallowing. These symptoms suggest a temporary disruption of blood flow to areas of the brain responsible for vision and swallowing, common in TIAs.

In contrast, the other symptoms listed do not specifically align with typical TIA presentations. Steady headaches and difficulty concentrating are more suggestive of chronic issues or other conditions, rather than the sudden onset typically associated with TIAs. Severe nausea and vomiting may be seen in various medical conditions, including gastrointestinal disturbances or migraines, but are not classic indicators of a TIA. Severe headache with photophobia is typically indicative of conditions such as meningitis or subarachnoid hemorrhage, rather than a TIA.

Thus