Which intervention is recommended to prevent increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Maintaining bed rest with the head of the bed elevated is a recommended intervention to help prevent increases in intracranial pressure (ICP). Elevating the head of the bed to approximately 30 degrees allows for improved venous drainage from the head, which can help reduce ICP. This position aids in decreasing cerebral edema and promotes better perfusion. Keeping the head elevated is a fundamental nursing intervention in the management of patients at risk for increased ICP, such as those with head injuries, neurological disorders, or post-operative conditions involving the brain.

In contrast, encouraging physical activity could lead to increased ICP due to increased cerebral blood flow and oxygen demand during exertion. Maintaining a flat position can lead to impaired venous outflow and increased pressure in the cranium. Strict fluid intake monitoring, while important for avoiding fluid overload, does not directly address the positioning that significantly affects ICP. Thus, the correct intervention to specifically prevent increases in ICP is to keep the patient in bed rest with the head of the bed elevated.