Which hemodynamic values are expected in hypovolemic shock?

In hypovolemic shock, the body experiences a significant loss of circulating volume, which leads to reduced preload and cardiac output. The expected hemodynamic values reflect these changes.

A low cardiac output results from the decreased blood volume, which negatively impacts the heart's ability to pump effectively. As a consequence, central venous pressure (CVP) is typically low because there’s insufficient volume returning to the heart, further indicating a decreased venous return.

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) is also low in hypovolemic shock; this measure reflects left atrial pressure and is reduced due to the decrease in volume that leads to lower left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is typically elevated in hypovolemic shock. This increase occurs as a compensatory mechanism in response to decreased cardiac output; the body tries to maintain blood pressure by constricting blood vessels, leading to higher SVR.

This combination of low CO, low CVP, low PCWP, and high SVR is characteristic of hypovolemic shock, which justifies the correct answer.