What is the recommended treatment for acute hypocalcemia?

The recommended treatment for acute hypocalcemia is intravenous calcium gluconate. This approach is favored in acute settings because it allows for rapid elevation of serum calcium levels. In cases of severe hypocalcemia, particularly when accompanied by symptoms such as tetany, seizures, or cardiovascular instability, time is of the essence, and IV calcium provides immediate correction of calcium levels.

While oral calcium and vitamin D can be effective for chronic hypocalcemia or maintenance therapy, they are not suitable for acute situations where swift action is necessary. Similarly, calcium supplements alone would not provide the immediate response required in an acute clinical setting. Dialysis is generally reserved for cases involving renal failure or severe electrolyte imbalances but would not be the primary treatment for isolated acute hypocalcemia. Thus, intravenous calcium gluconate stands out as the most effective and immediate treatment in acute scenarios.