What is the primary treatment approach for pheochromocytoma?

The primary treatment approach for pheochromocytoma is tumor removal, also known as surgical resection. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal gland that produces excessive catecholamines (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine), leading to a variety of symptoms including hypertension, palpitations, and sweating. The definitive treatment involves surgical excision of the tumor, which often leads to resolution of symptoms and normalization of catecholamine levels.

While medical management, such as the use of phentolamine for hypertensive crises, may be employed, it is primarily a temporary measure to control symptoms prior to surgery or in cases where surgery is not immediately possible. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not standard treatment options for pheochromocytoma, as these tumors are typically treated surgically when feasible. The curative intent of surgical removal emphasizes its role as the central focus of treatment for this condition.