What is the first-line treatment for syphilis?

The first-line treatment for syphilis is penicillin G (PCN G). This antibiotic is highly effective against the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis. Penicillin G has been the standard recommended treatment due to its efficacy in eradicating the organism and its safety profile, even in pregnant patients who are allergic to other antibiotics.

In cases of early syphilis, a single intramuscular dose of benzathine penicillin G is sufficient to cure the infection. This treatment not only resolves symptoms but also prevents potential long-term complications associated with untreated syphilis, such as neurological problems or organ damage.

Other antibiotics like doxycycline or azithromycin can be alternatives in cases where patients are allergic to penicillin, but they are not considered first-line. Ciprofloxacin is not effective against Treponema pallidum and is not used for syphilis treatment. Therefore, penicillin G remains the gold standard for treating this infection.