What is a written statement of a patient's intent regarding medical treatment called?

An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a patient’s preferences for medical treatment, particularly in situations where they may be unable to communicate their wishes, such as during a medical emergency or when incapacitated. This document can include specific instructions about the types of medical interventions a patient desires or wishes to refuse, providing guidance to healthcare providers and family members regarding the patient's treatment preferences.

Advance directives can take various forms, including living wills and healthcare proxies. A living will details the patient's wishes regarding specific treatments, while a healthcare proxy designates an individual to make healthcare decisions on behalf of the patient if they become unable to do so. This ensures that the patient's intentions are respected, aligning medical care with their values and preferences.

The other options available, such as a health proxy and durable power of attorney, relate more to the appointment of a person to make decisions on the patient's behalf rather than detailing the patient's specific medical treatment preferences. A medical order typically refers to a healthcare provider’s instructions regarding patient care rather than the patient's own directives.