What is a complication associated with parenteral feeding?

Hyperglycemia is a notable complication associated with parenteral feeding due to the high concentrations of glucose delivered in the nutrition solution. Parenteral nutrition typically contains dextrose, which, when infused, can significantly elevate blood glucose levels, particularly in patients who may have insulin resistance or pre-existing diabetes. Monitoring blood glucose levels closely is essential for patients receiving parenteral nutrition, and adjustments to insulin therapy or dietary modifications may be necessary to manage this risk.

The other options also present complications linked to parenteral feeding but do not carry the same direct association with the nutritional composition of the feeding regimen. For instance, aspiration can occur if the feeding is improperly administered or if there is inadequate monitoring of the patient's respiratory status, leading to potential lung complications. Dehydration may arise, but it is typically more related to fluid management and not directly a result of parenteral nutrition. Diarrhea may occur due to the body's response to an abrupt introduction of nutrients, alterations in gut flora, or other gastrointestinal factors, but hyperglycemia is often a more significant concern in the context of metabolic complications following parenteral nutrition.