What is a characteristic of the Nutrition restriction theory of aging?

The Nutrition restriction theory of aging posits that reducing caloric intake without malnutrition can lead to a longer lifespan and a delay in the onset of age-related diseases. This theory is grounded in research demonstrating that caloric restriction can influence metabolic processes and enhance the body's stress response mechanisms, ultimately contributing to improved health outcomes as individuals age.

Caloric intake deficiency specifically refers to this reduction in calorie consumption, which has been shown in various studies to have beneficial effects on longevity and health span across different species, including yeast, worms, flies, and mammals. The mechanisms through which caloric restriction is believed to exert its effects include improved insulin sensitivity, reduced inflammation, and altered hormonal pathways.

In contrast, increased protein synthesis, effects of oxidative stress, and psychological adaptations to aging do not directly encapsulate the essence of the Nutrition restriction theory. While these factors may play roles in the aging process, they are not specific characteristics of the theory focused on caloric intake and its direct impact on aging and longevity. Thus, the emphasis on caloric intake deficiency as a key aspect of the nutrition restriction theory is what makes it the correct choice here.