What condition is defined as inflammation of the pancreas due to the escape of pancreatic enzymes into the surrounding tissue?

The condition defined as inflammation of the pancreas resulting from the escape of pancreatic enzymes into the surrounding tissue is known as pancreatitis. This process occurs when the enzymes, which are normally activated in the intestine, become prematurely activated while still in the pancreas. This can lead to autodigestion of pancreatic tissue, resulting in inflammation, swelling, and sometimes damage to the pancreas itself.

Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic, with acute pancreatitis often presenting with severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes in the blood. Understanding this condition is critical for recognizing its causes, including gallstones, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medications, as well as potential complications such as infection or organ failure.

The other options—cholecystitis, gastritis, and hepatitis—refer to inflammation of different organs: the gallbladder, stomach, and liver, respectively, and do not involve the pancreas or the pathological mechanisms associated with pancreatitis.