In patients with hypothyroidism, what electrolytic imbalance is commonly observed?

In patients with hypothyroidism, hyponatremia, or low sodium levels, is often observed due to several mechanisms linked to the disease process. Hypothyroidism can lead to impaired renal water excretion, resulting in a dilutional effect on sodium levels. The reduced production of thyroid hormones slows down various metabolic processes, which can affect kidney function and result in water retention.

Additionally, hypothyroidism can cause alterations in the balance of osmotic forces, leading to an increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which further promotes water retention and dilution of serum sodium levels. This combination of factors makes hyponatremia one of the more common electrolytic imbalances seen in patients with hypothyroidism. Understanding these relationships is essential for effective diagnosis and management of such patients.