A patient presents with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and fundoscopic exam shows cupping of the disc. What is this condition likely to be?

The scenario describes a patient with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and a fundoscopic exam that reveals cupping of the optic disc. These findings are characteristic of open-angle glaucoma, which is a chronic condition where the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye is impaired, leading to increased pressure over time and optic nerve damage. The cupping of the disc occurs as the optic nerve fibers are destroyed due to this elevated pressure, resulting in a distinctive appearance on examination.

Open-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma and often progresses silently without obvious symptoms until significant vision loss occurs. Regular screening and monitoring are essential for early detection and management of this condition to prevent irreversible optic nerve damage and vision loss.

In contrast, closed-angle glaucoma typically presents with acute symptoms, including severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and blurred vision, often accompanied by a mid-dilated pupil and corneal edema, rather than cupping of the disc as seen in open-angle glaucoma. Acute conjunctivitis usually presents with redness and discharge, and does not cause elevated IOP or optic disc cupping. A retinal tear would present with symptoms such as flashes of light or new floaters but would not cause an increase in IOP or cupping of the disc.

Therefore,